In which city was the first blood bank in the world opened, as the blood bank is considered one of the most important medical departments that are spread all over the world, due to its importance in providing the required quantities of blood in critical cases, such as it is a place where donated blood is stored, and It has many tests to purify it and reduce the incidence of diseases as a result of the blood transfusion, so today, through the reference site, we will talk about a blood bank in the world.
What is a blood bank?
The blood bank means that it is the process of storing blood and its components by specialists, for use in transfusions for patients and the wounded. Many analyzes and tests are performed on the blood before it is stored and stored.
What are blood bags?
Blood bags are defined as a double bag that separates the blood from its components, which are plasma and red blood cells. It consists of a substance that prevents blood from clotting when stored through it. It consists of a platelet transfusion bag. Three types of blood bags are available, which are as follows:
- Single blood sac: stores all of the blood.
- Double blood bag: depends on the separation of blood into two components, red blood, and plasma.
- Triple blood sac: separates the blood into its three components.
In which city was the first blood bank in the world opened?
The first blood bank in the world was opened in 1937 AD in Cook County Hospital in Chicago, by Dr. Bernard Fantos, where at that time doctors and experts were able to save the blood for short periods in preparation for its transfusion, and with the great development in modern technologies, other ways were discovered through which Keeping blood for long periods. In 1941, a community blood center was opened in San Francisco, and in 1947, the American Association of Blood Banks was established.
History of the discovery of the blood bank
The beginning of the establishment of the blood bank was when doctors transfused blood to patients after cooling the blood, and here the method of storing blood was discovered, as Dr. John Braxton Hicks conducted one of the experiments in London that relied on storing blood before the clotting process through the use of some chemical methods and means as his experience did not It was successful, but it met a complete failure, and that was precisely in the late nineteenth century. After that, the stages of discovering blood banks and the means of preserving and transposing blood were listed as follows:
- Roman-era: gladiators drank the blood of losers on the battlefield.
- In 1492: Pope Innocent VIII’s cure was discovered by taking blood from a 10-year-old child.
- 1692: During this year, the mechanism and modus operandi of the blood circulation was discovered by the scientist William Harvey.
- 1662: During this year, the first successful blood transfusion was performed by Richard Lower, the anatomist, who performed a blood transfusion between two dogs.
- June 15, 1667: Jean-Baptiste Denis performed a blood transfusion for a 15-year-old boy, which led to the boy developing a fever. When blood was drawn 20 times and blood was transfused again, the boy’s health improved greatly.
- 1818: James Blundell transfused blood from a person and it was successful, and he invented what is known as the impulse that helps in the process of transfusion.
- 1900: Three blood groups were found by Austrian scientist Karl Landsteiner, A, B, and C.
- 1902: A fourth species was discovered by Alfred Vaughn, AB.
- 1914-1915: It was discovered that sodium citrate is used to prevent blood from clotting.
- 1936: The first blood bank opens in 1936 at Cook County Hospital in Chicago, USA.
- 1940: During this year, Drs. Landsteiner and Alexander Wiener discovered the Rh factor in the blood.
- May 16, 1941: Establishment of the first National Blood Service Repository by Dr. Human Paul Rossman.
What is a blood transfusion?
Blood transfusion is a process and mechanism in which blood or its derivatives are transferred to the circulatory system through a vein, where blood transfusions are used in critically ill cases, as it works to provide the patient with the proportion of blood he needs since ancient times the blood was completely transfused to The patient, but with the recent developments in the current era, the blood components were separated from each other and transfused each one separately, by the patient’s need only.
Types of blood transfusions
Among the most important types of blood transfusions are the following:
- Red blood cell transfusion: It is transfused in case the patient suffers from iron deficiency or anemia.
- Platelet transfusion: It concerns individuals with cancer and its types who suffer from a lack of platelets in the blood.
- Plasma transfusion: used in cases of kidney failure or severe infections.
Basics of the blood bank in blood transfusion
Blood transfusion is carried out using some of the different basics and stages, which are explained through the following points:
- Ensure the validity and conformity of the blood to the patient before the transfer process.
- Examination of the donor’s blood and identification of its type to ensure that it is free of any disease.
- The blood is stored after making sure of its validity.
- Separation of blood from its components to be stored properly.
- Before performing a blood transfusion, the blood samples from the donor and the patient must be examined to know the extent of compatibility.